{"id":2277,"date":"2021-08-17T08:22:40","date_gmt":"2021-08-17T00:22:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xn--9wzn71a.xn--kpry57d\/?p=2277"},"modified":"2024-12-30T12:34:37","modified_gmt":"2024-12-30T04:34:37","slug":"%e2%80%bb%e6%9b%b8%e5%90%8d%ef%bc%9a%e9%87%8f%e5%8c%96%e5%af%ac%e9%ac%86%e6%94%bf%e7%ad%96%e5%b0%8d%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e6%88%bf%e5%83%b9%e8%ae%8a%e5%8b%95%e4%b9%8b%e5%bd%b1%e9%9f%bf%e7%a2%a9%e5%a3%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xn--9wzn71a.xn--kpry57d\/?p=2277","title":{"rendered":"\u203b\u66f8\u540d\uff1a\u91cf\u5316\u5bec\u9b06\u653f\u7b56\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u623f\u50f9\u8b8a\u52d5\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff(\u78a9\u58eb\u8ad6\u6587)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u300c\u5fc3\u5f97\uff1a\u6700\u8fd1\u4e8b\u591a\u52c9\u5f37\u8b80\u4e00\u4e9b\u9032\u5ea6\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u611f\u89ba\uff0c\u6211\u597d\u50cf\u5f88\u9069\u5408\u53bb\u8b80\u7d93\u6fdf\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6211\u770b\u904e\u7684\u623f\u5730\u7522\u6587\u737b\u8d85\u591a\uff0c\u8b80\u623f\u5730\u7522\u76f8\u95dc\u8ad6\u6587\u6beb\u7121\u963b\u7919\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. \u6b64\u6587\u4ef6\u6211\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\u6578\u64da\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u4f46\u5df2\u77e5\u9053\u5206\u6790\u8981\u5148\u55ae\u6839\u6aa2\u5b9a–>\u5171\u6574\u5408\u6aa2\u5b9a–>\u5411\u91cf\u8aa4\u5dee\u4fee\u6b63–>\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u6aa2\u5b9a–>\u885d\u64ca\u53cd\u6620\u5206\u6790–>\u9810\u6e2c\u8aa4\u5dee\u8b8a\u7570\u6578\u5206\u89e3\uff0c\u518d\u8a0e\u8ad6\u5be6\u8b49\u7d50\u679c\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u6700\u5f8c\u5f97\u5230\u7d50\u8ad6\u3002\u800c\u6211\u5bebFB\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u5c31\u50cf\u5728\u6587\u737b\u63a2\u8a0e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. \u6700\u5148\u63a1\u7528\u91cf\u5316\u5bec\u9b06\u7684\u662f\u65e5\u672c\uff0c\u90e8\u5206\u570b\u5bb6\u62b5\u6297\u7f8e\u570bQE\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u8ca8\u5e63\u5de8\u5e45\u5347\u503c\u5f71\u97ff\u51fa\u53e3\u9032\u884c\u5916\u532f\u5e72\u9810\uff0c\u8cb7\u9032\u5916\u532f\u8cc7\u7522\u5c0e\u81f4\u672c\u570b\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u589e\u52a0\uff0c\u5c0e\u81f4\u672c\u570b\u8cc7\u7522\u50f9\u683c\u5927\u5e45\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8cc7\u7522\u6ce1\u6cab\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. \u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u7d50\u8ad6\uff0c\u5728QE\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f9e\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7522\u6307\u6578IPI\u3001\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u91cf\u3001\u5229\u7387\u9019\u4e09\u8005\u95dc\u4fc2\u63a2\u7d22\u548c\u623f\u50f9\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u6027\uff1a
    a.QE\u524d\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7522\u6307\u6578\u3001\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u91cf\u589e\u52a0\u6703\u4f7f\u623f\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u4f46\u5f71\u97ff\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5c0f\uff0c\u5176\u5229\u7387\u4fc2\u6578\u8ca0\u865f\u8f49\u8b8a\u70ba\u6b63\u865f(\u662f\u6307\u7576\u6642\u5229\u7387\u8abf\u5347\u55ce?)\uff1bQE\u5f8c\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u6b64\u6642\u56e0\u91d1\u878d\u98a8\u66b4\u9677\u5165\u8870\u9000\uff0c\u6295\u8cc7\u4fe1\u4fe1\u55aa\u5931\uff0c\u6545\u9577\u671f\u4f4e\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u4ecd\u7121\u6cd5\u63a8\u52d5\u623f\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\u3002
    b.\u5728QE\u524d\uff0cM2\u548c\u5229\u7387\u8207\u623f\u50f9\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u843d\u5f8c\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u4f46QE\u5f8c\uff0c\u5de5\u696d\u6307\u6578\u4e0a\u5347\u4f7f\u623f\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\uff0c\u623f\u50f9\u4e0a\u6f32\u53c8\u6703\u518d\u6b21\u63d0\u9ad8\u5de5\u696d\u751f\u7522\u6307\u6578\uff0c\u70ba\u56e0\u679c\u826f\u6027\u4e92\u52d5\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002
    c.\u5728QE\u524d\uff0c\u623f\u50f9\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91cb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u5dee\u7570\u4e0d\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e09\u904d\u6578\u81ea\u6211\u89e3\u91cb\u660e\u986f\u63d0\u9ad8\uff0c\u9664\u623f\u50f9\u5916\u7684\u8b8a\u6578\u5916\u751f\u6027\u7686\u660e\u986f\u63d0\u9ad8\u3002QE\u5f8c\uff0cM2\u5c0d\u623f\u50f9\u7684\u89e3\u91cb\u80fd\u529b\u5f9e1.86%–>3.36%\uff0c\u800cIPI\u53ca\u5229\u7387\u5c0d\u623f\u50f9\u89e3\u91cb\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u53cd\u800c\u4e0b\u964d\uff0c<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. \u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u7d50\u8ad6\u662f–\u5be6\u65bd\u8ca8\u5e63QE\u653f\u7b56\u5c0d\u623f\u50f9\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u5be6\u8cea\u8b8a\u6578\u4f86\u7684\u6709\u6548\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. \u7814\u7a76\u5efa\u8b70\uff1a\u6291\u5236\u623f\u50f9\u7092\u4f5c\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u61c9\u7a3d\u5fb5\u623f\u5e02\u4eba\u982d\u6236\u4ea4\u6613\u548c\u77ed\u6f0f\u5831\u7a05\u6b3e\uff0c\u52a0\u5f37\u4e0d\u52d5\u7522\u98a8\u96aa\u7ba1\u63a7\uff0c\u6539\u5584\u8cc7\u672c\u5229\u5f97\u7a05\u8ca0\u504f\u4f4e\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u843d\u5be6\u5be6\u50f9\u767b\u8a18\u5236\u5ea6\u3002\u5728\u4f4f\u5b85\u4f9b\u7d66\u9762\uff0c\u52a0\u901f\u8208\u5efa\u5408\u5b9c\u4f4f\u5b85\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u570b\u4eba\u85aa\u8cc7\u624d\u80fd\u7e2e\u5c0f\u8ca7\u5bcc\u5dee\u8ddd\u4f7f\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u8cb7\u5f97\u8d77\u623f\u5b50\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  6. \u570b\u5916\u6587\u737b\u5206\u6790\uff1a
    \uff0a(1982)\u9810\u671f\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u540d\u76ee\u5229\u7387\u53ca\u5be6\u8cea\u5229\u7387\u4f86\u5f71\u97ff\u623f\u5730\u7522\u9700\u6c42\u9762\u3002
    \uff0a & Kling(1994)\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u8207\u623f\u5730\u7522\u5be6\u8cea\u5831\u916c\u7387\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u7269\u50f9\u6c34\u6e96\u3001\u540d\u76ee\u5229\u7387\u3001\u5be6\u8cea\u7522\u51fa\u8207\u6c11\u9593\u6295\u8cc7\u6d3b\u52d5\uff0c\u5c0d\u623f\u5730\u7522\u5be6\u8cea\u5831\u916c\u7387(\u79df\u91d1)\u7684\u8b8a\u52d5\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u540d\u76ee\u5229\u7387\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u70ba\u986f\u8457\u3002
    \uff0a & Ling(1994)\u975e\u9810\u671f\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u8207\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u8d85\u984d\u5831\u916c\u6709\u6b63\u9762\u76f8\u95dc\u6027\u3002
    \uff0a & Glasock(1993)\u653f\u5e9c\u653f\u7b56\u8b8a\u6578-\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u53ca\u5229\u7387\uff0c\u662f\u70ba\u623f\u5730\u7522\u50f9\u683c\u9818\u5148\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u5e02\u5834\u5177\u6709\u6548\u7387\u6027\u3002
    \uff0a-Wesche & Gerlach(2008)\u8ca8\u5e63\u653f\u7b56\u5c0d\u4f4f\u5b85\u5177\u6709\u6291\u5236\u50f9\u683c\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u9810\u6e2c\u623f\u50f9\u8b8a\u52d5\u3002
    \uff0a(2005)\u5229\u7387\u3001\u901a\u8ca8\u81a8\u8139\u3001GDPP\u7b49\u7e3d\u9ad4\u8b8a\u6578\u3001\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4ee5\u8ca8\u5e63\u653f\u7b56\u5177\u6975\u5f71\u97ff\u3002
    \uff0a(1994)\u82f1\u570b\u623f\u5730\u7522\u5e02\u5834\u548c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u91d1\u878d\u5e02\u5834\u4e09\u8005\u4e92\u52d5\u5e72\u64fe\u7d50\u5408\u3002
    \uff0a(1999)\u80a1\u5e02\u623f\u5e02\u5177\u9577\u671f\u5747\u8861\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002
    \uff0a & Murphy(1997)\u9999\u6e2f\u91d1\u878d\u5927\u81ea\u7531\u5316\u4e0b\uff0c\u623f\u5730\u7522\u5e02\u5834\u6709\u63a8\u6ce2\u52a9\u6f32\u4e4b\u6548\uff0c\u56e0\u4eba\u6c11\u8ca1\u5bcc\u6548\u679c\u3001\u5be6\u8cea\u5229\u7387\u548c\u9810\u671f\u6536\u76ca\u7684\u50b3\u5c0e\u3002
    \uff0aZhang(2012)\u4ee5\u7e3d\u9ad4\u770b\u4e2d\u570b\uff0c\u5229\u7387\u3001\u751f\u7522\u8005\u50f9\u683c\u3001\u5ee3\u7fa9\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u53ca\u6709\u6548\u532f\u7387\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u623f\u50f9\u52d5\u614b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  7. \u570b\u5167\u6587\u737b\uff1a
    \uff0a\u5433\u4fee\u5ec9(1994)\u4ee5\u7e3d\u9ad4\u5206\u6790\u53f0\u4e2d\u4f4f\u5b85\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u5f9e\u5de5\u8cc7\u3001\u7269\u50f9\u3001\u6240\u5f97\u3001\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u3001\u80a1\u50f9\u3001\u532f\u7387\u53ca\u5229\u7387\u5be6\u8b49\u767c\u73fe\uff0c\u4ee53-4\u6708\u70ba\u5468\u671f\u7269\u50f9\u3001\u6240\u5f97\u3001\u80a1\u50f9\u3001\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u662f\u6b63\u5411\u885d\u64ca\uff0c\u5229\u7387\u532f\u7387\u662f\u8ca0\u5411\u885d\u64ca\u3002
    \uff0a\u5ed6\u8302\u6210(2001)\u623f\u50f9\u8b8a\u52d5\u4e0d\u6703\u5f71\u97ff\u80a1\u50f9\uff0c\u800c\u53ea\u6709\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u80a1\u50f9\u8b8a\u52d5\u6703\u986f\u8457\u5f71\u97ff\u4e0d\u52d5\u7522\u50f9\u683c\uff0c\u4f46\u7d50\u8ad6\u80a1\u50f9\u623f\u50f9\u4e0d\u6703\u4ea4\u53c9\u5f71\u97ff\u3002
    \uff0a\u5f6d\u5efa\u6587\u5f35\u91d1\u9d9a(2000)\u53f0\u5317\u90fd\u6703\u5340\u7684\u9810\u552e\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\u8207\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u3001\u7a7a\u5c4b\u6578\u3001\u5efa\u7167\u9762\u7a4d\u7b49\u8b8a\u6578\u5177\u6709\u9577\u671f\u5747\u8861\u95dc\u4fc2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u4f46\u8003\u91cf\u7d50\u69cb\u8b8a\u9077\u4e0b\uff0c\u9810\u552e\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\u8207\u5efa\u7167\u9762\u7a4d\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\uff0c\u800c\u5229\u7387\u6703\u9818\u5148\u53f0\u5317\u90fd\u6703\u5340\u7684\u623f\u7522\u6307\u6578\u3002
    \uff0a\u6d2a\u6dd1\u5a1f\u96f7\u7acb\u82ac(2010)\u4ee5\u4fe1\u7fa9\u623f\u50f9\u6307\u6578\u770b\u4e2d\u53e4\u5c4b\uff0c\u570b\u6cf0\u623f\u50f9\u6307\u6578\u770b\u9810\u552e\u65b0\u6210\u5c4b\uff0c\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u5c0d\u623f\u5c4b\u5e02\u5834\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u78ba\u5be6\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u7570\u5e78\u3002
    \uff0a\u5433\u7d2b\u8abc(2011)\u7e3d\u9ad4\u7d93\u6fdf\u5f71\u97ff\u623f\u50f9\uff0c\u5176\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u5c0d\u9810\u552e\u5c4b\u50f9\u683c\u5b58\u5728\u55ae\u5411\u7684\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5931\u696d\u7387\u5247\u548c\u9810\u552e\u50f9\u683c\u5b58\u5728\u96d9\u5411\u56de\u994b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u800c\u9810\u552e\u50f9\u683c\u9818\u5148\u7269\u50f9\u6307\u6578\uff0c\u4f46\u7269\u50f9\u6307\u6578\u9818\u5148\u6210\u5c4b\u50f9\u683c\u3002
    \uff0a\u9ece\u4f73\u8c9e(2011)\u8ca8\u5e63\u653f\u7b56\u558a\u02cb\u623f\u50f9\u5b58\u5728\u9577\u671f\u5747\u8861\u4e4b\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u96d6\u53f0\u7063\u81ea2003\u958b\u59cb\u5fa9\u7526\uff0c\u4f46\u6301\u7e8c\u7684\u4f4e\u5229\u653f\u7b56\u5c0e\u81f4\u53f0\u7063\u623f\u50f9\u4e0d\u65b7\u6500\u5347\u3002
    \uff0a\u9ec3\u67cf\u777f(2012)1.\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u3001\u80a1\u50f9\u548c\u623f\u50f9\u5177\u6709\u5171\u6574\u5408\u95dc\u4fc2\u30022.\u4e2d\u53e4\u65b0\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\u5b58\u5728\u55ae\u5411\u56e0\u679c\u95dc\u4fc2\u30023.\u6b21\u8cb8\u98a8\u66b4\u524d\uff0c\u65b0\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\u9818\u5148\u80a1\u50f9\u66f4\u9818\u5148\u4e2d\u53e4\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\uff0c\u98a8\u66b4\u5f8c\uff0c\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u9818\u5148\u65b0\u5c4b\u623f\u50f9\uff1b\u4e8b\u4ef6\u524d\u5f8c\uff0c\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u984d\u8207\u80a1\u50f9\u4e92\u70ba\u56e0\u679c\u3002
    \uff0a\u694a\u9752\u71d5(2012)\u8cc7\u6599\u5206\u67901997-2011\u570b\u969b\u71b1\u9322\u9032\u51fa\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u80a1\u50f9\u6709\u6b63\u5411\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u4f46\u5c0d\u623f\u50f9\u662f\u8ca0\u5411\uff0c\u80a1\u623f\u50f9\u6709\u66ff\u4ee3\u6027\uff0c\u800c\u71b1\u9322\u591a\u6578\u662f\u6295\u5165\u80a1\u5e02\u975e\u623f\u5e02\u3002
    \uff0a\u5442\u73cd\u73cd(2013)\u5206\u67901991-2013\u5404\u8b8a\u6578\u504f\u96e2\u9577\u671f\u5747\u8861\u95dc\u4fc2\u6642\uff0c\u4fc2\u7531\u8ca8\u5e63\u4f9b\u7d66\u8abf\u6574\u4f86\u4fee\u6b63\uff0c\u800c\u5229\u7387\u662f\u5f71\u97ff\u80a1\u623f\u50f9\u7684\u6e90\u982d\u3002
    \uff0a\u856d\u540d\u96c5(2013)\u80a1\u50f9\u5c0d\u53f0\u5317\u5e02\u65b0\u5317\u5e02\u53f0\u4e2d\u5e02\u7684\u623f\u50f9\u9020\u6210\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u53f0\u5317\u548c\u9ad8\u96c4\u6703\u4e92\u76f8\u5f71\u97ff\uff0c\u53f0\u5317\u5e36\u52d5\u9ad8\u96c4\u623f\u50f9\u3002
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